Silver Molybdate-Decorated Nanocomposites of Tin Diselenide for Improved Tribological Activity.

The tin diselenide (SnSe(2)) nanosheets were prepared using the solvothermal method as an additive to enhance the wear and friction-reducing and load-carrying capacity of paraffin oil (PO). To further enhance the lubrication characteristics of SnSe(2) nanosheets (NSs), Ag(2)MoO(4) nanoparticles (NPs) were incorporated through the in situ method. The separately prepared SnSe(2) nanosheets, Ag(2)MoO(4) nanoparticles, and their nanocomposites (SnSe(2)/Ag(2)MoO(4)) were characterized by p-XRD, FTIR, Raman, HR-SEM, EDX, TEM/HR-TEM, and XPS. The decoration of Ag(2)MoO(4) nanoparticles onto SnSe(2) nanosheets hindered the process of restacking and decreased their tendency to agglomerate in the base lube, resulting in enhancement of the lubrication performances of (SnSe(2)/Ag(2)MoO(4)) nanocomposites compared to their individual components. These results are evident through the examination of tribological characteristics, as determined by the ASTM D4172 and ASTM D5183 test standards. The enhanced tribo-activity of the nanocomposite provides evidence of a synergistic effect between SnSe(2) nanosheets and Ag(2)MoO(4) nanoparticles. The prepared additives exhibited improvement in their tribological behaviors in PO using a four-ball tester machine, and their antiwear and seizure load were found in the following sequence: PO < SnSe(2) < Ag(2)WO(4) < Ag(2)MoO(4) < SnSe(2)/Ag(2)MoO(4). After the lubrication test, SEM and AFM techniques were utilized to examine the morphology of the worn surfaces, validating the above results. The EDX and XPS of the matting surfaces tested with the SnSe(2)/Ag(2)MoO(4) nanocomposite confirm the presence of elemental composition and Ag(2)O, SnO(2), SeO(2), MoO(3), and Fe(2)O(3) in the tribofilm, respectively, which are responsible for the improvement in the tribo-activities. The possible mechanism has also been displayed.