The profile of extreme tension wave front in aluminum.

In this study, the extreme tension wave front profile (pull speed up to 1.6 km/s) in pure aluminum (density 2.7  g/cm3 ) is analyzed using the LAMMPS molecular dynamics (MD) code and based on the tension conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy. The simulation results agree favorably with the theoretical calculation. The profile of the extreme tension wave front is observed from the MD code simulation, and a typical shockless ramp wave front formation is identified during forced extreme tension loading. Further analysis was accomplished based on the formation of the ramp wave front, illustrating the behavior of the isentrope of aluminum under extreme tension loading.