Bacteroides fragilis 839 ameliorates anti-tuberculosis drugs-induced liver injury by suppressing inflammation and regulating gut microbiota in mice.

Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI), caused by first-line anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs, disrupts treatment and increases the risk of drug resistance. The gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity play key roles in ATB-DILI susceptibility through the liver-gut axis. Probiotics, such as Bacteroides fragilis 839 (BF839), have shown therapeutic potential in modulating gut microbiota and inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of BF839 on ATB-DILI in a mouse model of HRZE-induced liver injury. BF839 administration significantly alleviated HRZE-induced liver injury by reducing ALT, AST, AKP, and MDA levels, enhancing SOD and GSH levels, and improving liver histopathology. These effects were associated with restored gut microbiota diversity, enhanced intestinal barrier function, and reduced inflammatory responses. Our findings suggest that BF839 may serve as a potential preventive strategy for ATB-DILI.