Ligand Design with Accelerated Disulfide Formation with Serum Albumin to Extend Blood Retention.

We proposed a novel ligand for the interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) to extend the blood half-life of small molecular weight therapeutics. The ligand features an alkyl chain and an activated disulfide to allow binding to the hydrophobic pockets of HSA and the formation of disulfide to Cys34 of HSA, thereby minimizing the initial renal clearance. The dual nature of the ligand-HSA bonding was expected to give the ligand long blood retention. After 1 min of mixing with HSA, the ligand showed higher binding (1.7 times) than that of a control ligand (containing only activated disulfide). After intravenous injection to mice, the ligand half-lives were 1.6 and 9.2 times longer than those of control ligands with the active disulfide alone and with the alkyl chain alone, respectively. The proposed ligand has the potential to act as a platform for extending the half-life of small therapeutics in vivo.