Mycovorax composti gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Chitinophagaceae isolated from button mushroom compost.

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, orange-coloured bacterial strains, designated strain C216(T) and strain M2295, were isolated from mature mushroom compost from composting facilities in Victoria and South Australia, Australia, respectively. External structures such as flagella or pili were not observed on the cells under scanning electron microscopy. Optimal growth was found to occur at 45 °C, at pH 7.25 and in the absence of NaCl on Emerson's 350 YpSs medium. The genome sequence of strain C216(T) was 3 342 126 bp long with a G+C content of 40.5 mol%. Functional analysis of the genome of strain C216(T) revealed genes encoding chitinolytic and hemi-cellulolytic functions, with 166 predicted genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism (8.9% of the predicted genes). These functions are important for survival in the mushroom compost environment, which is rich in hemicelluloses. No antibiotic resistance genes were found in the genome sequence. The major fatty acids of strain C216(T) were iso-C(15 : 0) (56.7%), iso-C(17 : 0) 3-OH (15.6%), C(16 : 1)  ω7c/iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH (7.3%) and iso-C(15 : 1) G (6.1%). The only respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipid of strain C216(T) was phosphatidylethanolamine, but three unidentified phospholipids, four unidentified aminophospholipids/aminolipids and one unidentified glycolipid were also detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on proteins encoded by the core genome (bac120, 120 conserved bacterial genes) showed that strain C216(T) forms a distinct lineage in the family Chitinophagaceae and that the closest identified relative is Niabella soli (69.69% ANI). These data demonstrate that strain C216(T) represents a novel genus and novel species within the family Chitinophagaceae, for which we propose the name Mycovorax composti. The type strain is C216(T) (=DSM 114558(T)=LMG 32998(T)).