Abstract
In 2023, WHO ranked chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as the third leading cause of death, with 3.23 million fatalities in 2019. The intricate nature of the disease, which is influenced by genetics, environment, and lifestyle, is evident. The effect of air pollution and changes in atmospheric substances because of global warming highlight the need for this research. These environmental shifts are associated with the emergence of various respiratory infections such as COVID-19. RNA sequencing is pivotal in airway diseases, including COPD, as it enables comprehensive transcriptome analysis, biomarker discovery, and uncovers novel pathways. It facilitates personalized medicine by tracking dynamic changes in gene expression in response to various triggers. However, the limited research on East Asian populations may overlook the unique nuances of COPD development and progression. Bridging this gap and using peripheral blood samples for systemic analysis are crucial for comprehensive and globally applicable COPD diagnosis and treatment.