Abstract
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to local health systems, widening gaps in support and disrupting available care. Within Canada, First Nations communities have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic, which exacerbated an already strained system of appropriate services and supports. As part of a broader community-based participatory research project (The First Nations Wellness Initiative), the aim of this research was to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected people seeking and providing mental wellness supports within a First Nations community, with an eye to informing ways to enhance community strengths to better address pandemic-related challenges and develop community-identified opportunities for mental wellness promotion. METHODS: From September 2020 to March 2022, one-to-one interviews with people with lived experiences with mental health and/or substance use challenges (n = 2) and individuals supporting loved ones with lived experiences (n = 7) as well as two focus group discussions (i.e., with community youth (n = 5) and frontline service providers (n = 5)) were conducted in Saugeen First Nation, Ontario, Canada by a local research coordinator/Knowledge Holder. Individuals shared experiences with mental wellness and/or substance use challenges and experiences accessing/providing mental wellness supports during the pandemic. Recommendations for improving supports during and beyond the pandemic were also provided. These qualitative data were analyzed thematically, using a hybrid inductive-deductive approach. RESULTS: Challenges faced during the pandemic included difficulties finding and navigating available supports; problems connecting via virtual services; and lack of access to cultural and/or spiritual supports. Participants described relational supports (kinship, friends, the broader community) as well as formal supports (culturally-embedded programs, group supports, youth support group) as key community strengths drawn upon during the pandemic to promote mental wellness. In terms of service provision, challenges balancing differing community needs and concerns were highlighted. Participants shared ideas for expanding and adapting mental wellness promotion and supports to develop a stronger system of care for mental wellness and substance use challenges. CONCLUSIONS: The findings point to opportunities for building on existing community strengths and promoting locally-led, culturally-grounded supports for mental wellness and substance use challenges to enhance capacity of First Nations communities to support their members in the face of public health crises.