Abstract
Camrelizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, and rivoceranib, a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have emerged as a promising combination therapy for advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review explores the clinical efficacy and therapeutic potential of this dual treatment approach. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar to evaluate key clinical trials, including the pivotal CARES-310 trial. The final analysis of CARES-310 demonstrated a median overall survival (OS) of 23.8 months with camrelizumab plus rivoceranib, significantly higher than the 15.2 months observed with sorafenib (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.52-0.79; P < 0.0001). The 24-month OS rate was 49.0% for the combination therapy versus 36.2% for sorafenib, while the 36-month OS rate was 37.7% compared to 24.8%. Progression-free survival (PFS) was also notably improved at 5.6 months versus 3.7 months for sorafenib (HR, 0.54; P < 0.0001). These findings highlight the superiority of this combination over traditional treatments, positioning it as a viable first-line option. With a manageable safety profile and significant survival benefits, camrelizumab plus rivoceranib represents a major advancement in HCC treatment. Ongoing research will further define its role in clinical practice and optimize outcomes for patients with limited treatment options.