Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the anatomical landmarks for intervertebral disc (IVD) percutaneous approaches (transpedicular TPA and transannular TAA) using CT scans in humans and dogs for regenerative medicine research. METHOD: CT scans of 57 human (30 supine, 27 prone) and 49 canine (29 chondrodystrophic, 20 non-chondrodystrophic) lumbar spines were analyzed. Morphometric data, cutaneous landmarks, and approach angles were measured, with additional sections assessing nerve root distances from TPA routes. RESULTS: Over 15,000 measurements were taken, creating a comprehensive anatomical database. Significant differences in TPA and TAA angles were noted between humans and dogs (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study provides detailed anatomical landmarks for safe and effective IVD approaches, offering valuable guidance for translational research and surgical interventions.