Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Faricimab neutralizes angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor A via both simultaneous and independent binding. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate extended dosing with faricimab, the first bispecific antibody designed for intraocular use, in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This phase 2 randomized clinical trial was a 52-week multicenter, active comparator-controlled, parallel-group study. Study participants were enrolled in 25 sites in the US from January and March 2017 with treatment-naive choroidal neovascularization secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letter score of 73 (approximate Snellen equivalent, 20/40) to 24 (approximate Snellen equivalent, 20/320). Analysis began January 2017 and ended March 2018. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized 1:2:2 to receive intravitreal ranibizumab, 0.5 mg, every 4 weeks or faricimab, 6.0 mg, every 12 or 16 weeks. Participants in the faricimab arms initially received 4 monthly injections of faricimab. No rescue injections were allowed. Participants randomized to dosing every 16 weeks were assessed for disease activity at week 24 using prespecified criteria. Those with no active disease continued dosing every 16 weeks through trial end; participants with disease activity continued received dosing every 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Mean change in BCVA from baseline at week 40. RESULTS: Of 76 participants enrolled (mean [SD] age, 78.5 [8.5] years; age range, 56-94 years; 41 women [58%]; 69 white [97%]), 16 (21.0%) were randomized to ranibizumab every 4 weeks, 29 (38.2%) to faricimab every 12 weeks, and 31 (40.8%) to faricimab every 16 weeks. At week 24, 12 weeks after their last initiation injection, 65% (36 of 55) of all faricimab-treated participants had no disease activity. At week 40, adjusted mean BCVA gains from baseline (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters) were +11.4 (80% CI, 7.8-15.0), +9.3 (80% CI, 6.4-12.3), and +12.5 (80% CI, 9.9-15.1) for the ranibizumab every 4 weeks, faricimab every 12 weeks, and faricimab every 16 weeks arms, respectively. Participants received a mean (SD) total of 12.9 (0.25), 6.7 (0.91), and 6.2 (0.93) injections, for the ranibizumab every 4 weeks, faricimab every 12 weeks, and faricimab every 16 weeks arms, respectively, through week 52. The secondary BCVA and anatomical imaging end points supported the primary end point and were comparable with ranibizumab every 4 weeks. No new or unexpected safety signals were identified. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: At week 52, faricimab dosing every 16 weeks and every 12 weeks resulted in maintenance of initial vision and anatomic improvements comparable with monthly ranibizumab. These results suggest a role for simultaneous neutralization of angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor A in providing sustained efficacy through extended durability, warranting further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03038880.