Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated an optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure formed by a few-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for curvature measurement and inscribed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in the PCF for the purpose of simultaneously measuring temperature. The structure consists of a PCF sandwiched between two multi-mode fibers (MMFs). Bending experimental results show that the proposed sensor has a sensitivity of -1.03 nm/m(-1) at a curvature range from 10 m(-1) to 22.4 m(-1), and the curvature sensitivity of the embedded FBG was -0.003 nm/m(-1). Temperature response experimental results showed that the MZI's wavelength, λ(a), has a sensitivity of 60.3 pm/°C, and the FBG's Bragg wavelength, λ(b), has sensitivity of 9.2 pm/°C in the temperature range of 8 to 100 °C. As such, it can be used for simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature over ranges of 10 m(-1) to 22.4 m(-1) and 8 °C to 100 °C, respectively. The results show that the embedded FBG can be a good indicator to compensate the varying ambient temperature during a curvature measurement.