Abstract
Microbial taxonomy dealing with identification and characterization of prokaryotes like bacteria and archaea has always been a major area of research all over the world. Exploring diversity of microbes and description of novel species with different genes and secondary compounds is of utmost importance for better future and sustenance of life. India having an enormous range of ecosystems and diverse species inhabiting these niches is considered to be one of the richest biodiversity regions of the world. During the last decade, with newer methodologies and better technology, the prokaryotic taxonomy from India has extended our inventory of microbial communities in specific niches. However, there still exist some limitations in classifying the microbes from India as compared to that is done world-over. This review enlists the taxonomic description of novel taxa of prokaryotes from India in the past decade. A total of 378 new bacterial species have been classified from different habitats in India in the last ten years and no descriptions of archaeal species is documented till date.