Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia on hemodynamics, stress response, pain, and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing radical surgery for malignant tumors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 100 elderly patients undergoing radical surgery for malignant tumors at our hospital from February 2023 to June 2024. The patients were divided into two groups based on anesthesia method: the control group (n=50, propofol anesthesia) and the observation group (n=50, sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia). Anesthesia parameters, stress response indicators (norepinephrine, epinephrine, renin), hemodynamic indicators (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), pain levels (visual analog scale), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The observation group showed significantly shorter times to loss of consciousness, awakening, and extubation compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Stress markers (norepinephrine, epinephrine, renin) were less elevated in the observation group compared to the control group five minutes after extubation (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were more stable in the observation group (P < 0.05). The visual analog scale (VAS) scores were lower in the observation group at 12 and 24 hours postoperatively compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were significantly higher in the observation group at 4 and 8 hours postoperatively (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia is more effective than propofol anesthesia alone in elderly patients undergoing radical surgery for malignant tumors. It better alleviates stress responses, maintains hemodynamic stability, improves postoperative pain and cognitive function, and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.