Abstract
BACKGROUND: Enrollment in non-oncology clinical trials is often challenging and social determinants that may serve as motivators or barriers to clinical trial enrollment are largely unexplored. We sought to assess engagement in non-oncology clinical trials with a focus on social determinants of health as barriers or motivators toward participation. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of non-cancer respondents was conducted using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) administered in 2020. Our analytic cohort was comprised of respondents with no reported history of cancer. Our primary outcome of interest was trial engagement defined as receiving an invitation to participate in a clinical trial. Secondary outcomes included participation in a clinical trial and reported motivators and barriers to clinical trial participation. RESULTS: A total of 3113 respondents with no reported history of cancer were included. Overall, 8.1% of respondents reported being invited to participate in a clinical trial. Amongst those invited to participate, 47.7% reported participating in a clinical trial. Respondents reported that clinical trial participation was motivated "somewhat" or "a lot" by "wanting to get better" (80.5%), "helping other people" (61.4%), "physician encouragement" (60.6%), "getting a chance to try new care" (60.2%), "family friend encouragement" (54.2%), or "getting paid" (50.0%). Overall, 82.5% of all respondents "don't know anything" or have "a little knowledge" about clinical trials. Reported barriers to clinical trial participation including getting transportation, childcare or paid time off work (48.4%) and standard of care not covered by insurance (62.0%) influenced the decision to participate "somewhat" or "a lot." CONCLUSION: Amongst a nationally representative sample, non-oncology clinical trial invitation is low, but participation amongst those invited is nearly 50%. This highlights the need for clinician engagement in clinical trials. Identifying modifiable social determinants of non-oncologic clinical trial participation may help promote improved engagement.