Abstract
Pythium insidiosum keratitis (PIK) is a devastating corneal infection resulting in blindness in a large number of cases. Clinically and morphologically, it closely mimics fungal keratitis, and hence is also labeled as "parafungus." Although many clinical studies have documented evidence regarding the virulence of microorganism, and anatomical and functional outcomes, it remains a clinical challenge and diagnostic dilemma for most clinicians. Till today, PIK is being diagnosed and treated with certainty at only limited centers across the globe. But the question is why this is so? Taking this as the research question, this section on current ophthalmology aims to highlight the understanding of barriers to diagnosing and treating PIK, the suggestions to improve diagnosis and treatment, and the future prospects.