Background
Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) often require reconstructive surgery. Tendon-bone healing is critical for the outcome of rotator cuff reconstruction, but the process of tendon-bone healing is complex and difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be an effective method to promote tendon-bone healing. MSCs have strong paracrine, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and angiogenic potential. Recent studies have shown that MSCs achieve many regulatory functions through exosomes. The
Conclusion
BMSC-Exos promote tendon-bone healing after rotator cuff reconstruction in rats by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting inflammation.
Methods
Our study found that BMSC-Exos promote the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The mechanism by which BMSC-Exos achieve this may be through the regulation of the angiogenic signaling pathway. In addition, BMSC-Exos can inhibit the polarization of M1 macrophages and inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory factors by M1 macrophages. After rotator cuff reconstruction in rats, BMSC-Exos were injected into the tail vein to analyze their effect on the rotator cuff tendon-bone interface healing.
Results
It was confirmed that BMSC-Exos increased the breaking load and stiffness of the rotator cuff after reconstruction in rats, induced angiogenesis around the rotator cuff endpoint, and promoted growth of the tendon-bone interface.