Abstract
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda offers a major impetus to consolidate and accelerate development in civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems. Strengthening CRVS systems is an SDG outcome in itself. Moreover, CRVS systems are the best - if not essential - source of data to monitor and guide health policy debates and to assess progress towards numerous SDG targets and indicators. They also provide the necessary documentation and proof of identity for service access and are critical for disaster preparedness and response. While there has been impressive global momentum to improve CRVS systems over the past decade, several challenges remain. This article collection provides an overview of recent innovations, progress, viewpoints and key areas in which action is still required - notably around the need for better systems and procedures to notify the fact of death and to reliably diagnose its cause, both for deaths in hospital and elsewhere.