Abstract
Additive manufacturing known as 3D printing has transformed the material landscape, with intricate structures and rapid prototyping for modern production. While nanoscale 3D printing has made significant progress, a critical challenge remains in the rapid, high-throughput tailoring of complex nanostructures. Here, we present a 3D printing-facilitated, light-driven assembly technology for rapid surface patterning consisting of complex particle nanonetworks with balanced fabrication resolution and processing scalability. This innovative approach seamlessly integrates top-down 3D printing (i.e., fused deposition modeling (FDM)) of digitally encoded patterns with bottom-up nanoparticle assembly (i.e., plasmonic light-driven techniques). The manufacturing-structure relationship of the generated nanonetworks within macroscale cylindrical patterning is investigated through programmatic modulation of critical processing parameters, including polymer rheology, chain-mode plasmonic resonances, nanoparticle dimensions, and peak optical intensity. The capacity of nanoscale 3D printing with optical adjustment can not only achieve high-resolution patterning but also offer precise control over large-scale geometries for applications in optical sensing.