Abstract
BACKGROUND: Perioperative stroke is a rare but devastating complication. The risk factors for massive cerebral stroke in surgical patients include older age, male sex, prior cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, renal failure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and atrial fibrillation. CASE SUMMARY: We describe two cases of perioperative massive cerebral stroke following thoracic surgery and one case following bronchoscopy. Neurologic symptoms, including changes in mental status and hemiplegia, occurred within 10 h after surgery in the three patients. All three patients died after the surgery. CONCLUSION: Perioperative massive cerebral stroke may be more likely to occur in thoracic surgical patients if there are pre-existing factors including previous stroke, hypotension, and hypoxemia. Sufficient pain control after surgery and timely neurology consultation and management are helpful for the diagnosis and control of stroke in high-risk patients.