Abstract
Bronze phase titanium dioxide (TiO(2)(B)) nanorods were successfully prepared via a hydrothermal method together with an ion exchange process and calcination by using anatase titanium dioxide precursors in the alkali hydrothermal system. TiO(2) precursors promoted the elongation of nanorod morphology. The different hydrothermal temperatures and reaction times demonstrated that the synthesis parameters had a significant influence on phase formation and physical morphologies during the fabrication process. The effects of the synthesis conditions on the tailoring of the crystal morphology were discussed. The growth direction of the TiO(2)(B) nanorods was investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The as-synthesized TiO(2)(B) nanorods obtained after calcination were used as anode materials and tested the efficiency of Li-ion batteries. This research will study the effects of particle morphologies and crystallinity of TiO(2)(B) derived from a modified hydrothermal method on the capacity and charging rate of the Li-ion battery. The TiO(2)(B) nanorods, which were synthesized by using a hydrothermal temperature of 220 °C for 12 h, presented excellent electrochemical performance with the highest Li storage capacity (348.8 mAh/g for 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g) and excellent high-rate cycling capability (a specific capacity of 207.3 mAh/g for 1000 cycles at a rate of 5000 mA/g).