Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed in various human cancer. The over-expression of EGFR in tumors is an excellent target for the development of cancer imaging agents. In the present study, we developed Tc-99m SYPIPDT-GHEG-ECG-K-tetramethylrhodamine (SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA) as a molecular imaging agent targeting wild-type EFGR (wtEGFR)-positive tumor cells, and verified its feasibility as molecular imaging agent. SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA was synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. The radiolabeling of SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA with Tc-99m was accomplished using ligand exchange via tartrate. Cellular uptake and binding affinity studies were performed. In vivo gamma camera imaging, ex vivo imaging and biodistribution studies were performed using NCI-H460 and SW620 tumor-bearing murine models. After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA complexes were prepared at high yield (> 95%). The binding affinity value (Kd) of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA for NCI-H460 cells was estimated to be 76.5 ± 15.8 nM. In gamma camera imaging, the tumor to normal muscle uptake ratios of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA increased with time (2.7 ± 0.6, 4.0 ± 0.9, and 6.2 ± 1.0 at 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively). The percentage injected dose per gram of wet tissue for the NCI-H460 tumor was 1.91 ± 0.11 and 1.70 ± 0.22 at 1 and 3 h, respectively. We developed Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA, which is dual-labeled with both radioisotope and fluorescence. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated specific uptake of Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA into wtEGFR-positive NCI-H460 cells and tumors. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that Tc-99m SYPIPDT-ECG-TAMRA is a potential dual-modality imaging agent targeting wtEGFR.