Conclusions
The findings provide new evidence that RES plays a critical role in the progression of cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction, and suggest that RES may be a promising therapeutic agent for cardiac fibrosis.
Results
Cardiac remodeling is induced in mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 2-4 weeks. RES is administered at dose of 5 or 50 mg kg-1 d-1 for 2 weeks. It is found that RES administration at 50 mg kg-1 d-1 significantly attenuates TAC-induced adverse cardiac systolic and diastolic function, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress via inhibiting PTEN degradation and the downstream mediators. However, RES at 5 mg kg-1 d-1 has no significant effects. RES at 50 mg kg-1 d-1 also ameliorates pre-established adverse cardiac function and remodeling induced by TAC. Treatment with PTEN inhibitor VO-OHpic (10 mg kg-1 d-1 ) for 2 weeks abolishes RES-mediated protective effects. Additionally, the effect of RES (100 µm) on inhibition of Ang II-induced fibroblast proliferation and activation in vitro is verified. Conclusions: The findings provide new evidence that RES plays a critical role in the progression of cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction, and suggest that RES may be a promising therapeutic agent for cardiac fibrosis.