Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current research project was to investigate the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide (P-CO(2)) on the physico-mechanical properties of ketoprofen (KTP)-incorporated hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) (Klucel™ ELF, EF, and LF) produced using hot-melt extrusion (HME) techniques and to assess the plasticization effect of P-CO(2) on the various polymers tested. METHODS: The physico-mechanical properties of extrudates with and without injection of P-CO(2) were examined and compared with extrudates with the addition of 5% liquid plasticizer of propylene glycol (PG). The extrudates were milled and compressed into tablets. Tablet characteristics of the extrudates with and without injection of P-CO(2) were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: P-CO(2) acted as a plasticizer for tested polymers, which allowed for the reduction in extrusion processing temperature. The microscopic morphology of the extrudates was changed to a foam-like structure due to the expansion of the CO(2) at the extrusion die. The foamy extrudates demonstrated enhanced KTP release compared with the extrudates processed without P-CO(2) due to the increase of porosity and surface area of those extrudates. Furthermore, the hardness of the tablets prepared by foamy extrudates was increased and the percent friability was decreased. Thus, the good binding properties and compressibility of the extrudates were positively influenced by utilizing P-CO(2) processing.