Tuberculosis-Associated Paradoxical Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV-Negative Patient Presenting With a Recurrent Pleural Effusion Managed With Prednisolone: A Case Report

Non-HIV-infected people with pulmonary tuberculosis can develop paradoxical worsening of lung conditions, including massive pleural effusion, which at times requires multiple drainage. This paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome can successfully be treated with a short course of steroids, resulting in symptom, quality of life, and imaging improvements.