Abstract
The current energy system is based largely on fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and contribute to global climate change. Global energy demand is expected to increase, with growth approximately doubled by the year 2050 and tripled by the end of the century. Therefore, research and development on emissions management and carbon cycle solutions that meet energy sustainability is critical to reduce the effects of global warming. The key point of this literature review is the selection of suitable materials for carbon capture. The selection is based on the consideration that the CO(2) reduction properties are influenced by the type of material/composite that is being used, the preparation, and the possible characterization method. This Review covers graphene-based materials and their composites as appropriate materials for reducing CO(2) and their performance assessment through experiments and theoretical analysis. It is very important to improve the efficiency performance of materials and its scalability. Recently, graphene has become a widely used material for environmental applications, one of which shows good performance in reducing CO(2) concentration. To separate CO(2), graphene has been developed and is now being showcased and reviewed in this study. Given the measuring technique used, this Review is intended to be a valuable resource for individuals researching CO(2) separation employing graphene material in combination with other materials.