Abstract
High-performance electrical Joule heaters with high mechanical properties, low driving voltage, rapid response, and flexibility are highly desirable for portable thermal management. Herein, by using aligned bacterial cellulose (BC) and silver nanowire (AgNW), we fabricated a novel film heater based on Joule heating phenomena. The aligned BC film prepared by stretching BC hydrogel and hot-pressing drying technology showed outstanding mechanical properties and flexibility. The ultrahigh strength of up to 1018 MPa and the toughness of 20 MJ/m3 were obtained for the aligned BC film with 40% wet-stretching (BC-40). In addition, the aligned BC film could be folded into desirable shapes. The AgNW was spray-coated on the surface of aligned BC-40 film and then covered with polydimethylsiloxane to form a P@AgNW@BC heater. P@AgNW@BC heater showed excellent conductivity, which endowed the film heater with an outstanding Joule heating performance. P@AgNW@BC heater could reach ~ 98 ℃ at a very low driving voltage of 4 V with a rapid heating response (13 s) and long-term temperature stability. The P@AgNW@BC heater with such an outstanding heating performance can be used as a flexible heating device for different applications in daily life like deicing/defogging device, wearable thermotherapy, etc.Affiliations: Please check and confirm that the authors and their respective affiliations have been correctly identified and amend if necessary.yes, we confirmed the affiliations are correct. Article title: Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the article title.Thanks, the title is no problem.