Abstract
A significant technological transformation has recently occurred in the agriculture sector. Precision agriculture is one among those transformations that largely focus on the acquisition of the sensor data, identifying the insights, and summarizing the information for better decision-making that would enhance the resource usage efficiency, crop yield, and substantial quality of the yield resulting in better profitability, and sustainability of agricultural output. For continuous crop monitoring, the farmlands are connected with various sensors that must be robust in data acquisition and processing. The legibility of such sensors is an exceptionally challenging task, which needs energy-efficient models for handling the lifetime of the sensors. In the current study, the energy-aware software-defined network for precisely selecting the cluster head for communication with the base station and the neighboring low-energy sensors. The cluster head is initially chosen according to energy consumption, data transmission consumption, proximity measures, and latency measures. In the subsequent rounds, the node indexes are updated to select the optimal cluster head. The cluster fitness is assessed in each round to retain the cluster in the subsequent rounds. The network model's performance is assessed against network lifetime, throughput, and network processing latency. The experimental findings presented here show that the model outperforms the alternatives presented in this study.