Non-covalent S···O interactions control conformation in a scaffold that disrupts islet amyloid polypeptide fibrillation

Conformationally-constrained molecules that selectively recognise the surfaces of proteins have the potential to direct the path of protein folding. Such molecules are of therapeutic interest because the misfolding of proteins, especially that which results in fibrillation and aggregation, is strongly correlated with numerous diseases. Here we report the novel use of S···O interactions as a conformational control element in a new class of non-peptidic scaffold that mimics key elements of protein surfaces. These molecules disrupt the fibrillation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a process that is implicated in the pathology of type II diabetes.