Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the association among thyroid cancer, osteoporosis and fracture history. (2) Methods: The data collected from 2004 through 2016 for the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were retrieved. For a total of 1349 participants with thyroid cancer and 163,629 control participants, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of osteoporosis and fracture history were evaluated using a logistic regression model. (3) Results: The adjusted ORs of osteoporosis comparing thyroid cancer with the control group were 1.41 (95% CI = 1.18-1.70, p < 0.001) for all participants and 1.43 (95% CI = 1.19-1.71, p < 0.001) for women. The adjusted ORs of fracture history comparing these two groups were not significantly associated within the entire group of participants, men only or women only. (4) Conclusions: The adjusted OR of osteoporosis was significantly higher than 1, comparing thyroid cancer with the control group, especially in women. The adjusted OR of fractures was not significantly higher than 1, comparing the thyroid cancer group with the control group.