Abstract
Luminescence thermometry is a remote temperature sensing technique that utilizes temperature-dependent luminescence properties. Lanthanide-doped materials with two thermally coupled emitting levels displaying a variation in luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) with temperature have been successfully explored to design sensitive luminescent thermometers. However, the low absorption strength of lanthanide parity-forbidden 4f(n) → 4f(n) transitions reduces the brightness. Also, this Boltzmann-type thermometer is only sensitive within a limited temperature range. To address these issues, we report here YV(1-x)P(x)O(4):Eu(3+), Er(3+) as a luminescent thermometer. This material utilizes the sensitized emission of Ln(3+) by strong and broad vanadate charge transfer absorption and has a wide and tunable optimum temperature range by controlling the thermal quenching of Eu(3+) emission through a variation of x. The new temperature probe offers a single material with multiple temperature-dependent luminescence properties, viz. the LIR of (2)H(11/2)/(4)S(3/2) emission of Er(3+), the LIR of the integrated Er(3+) and Eu(3+) emission intensities, and the Eu(3+) emission lifetime. Both micro- and nanocrystalline temperature probes are reported to achieve relative sensitivities (S(r)) from ∼0.5%/K to over 5%/K in a wide temperature range of 300-873 K. To demonstrate practical applicability, the luminescent thermometer was applied to in situ chip temperature detection revealing temperature accuracies better than 1 K.