Abstract
Marine ecosystems are characterized by an immense biodiversity and represent a rich source of biological compounds with promising potential for the development of novel therapeutic drugs. This review describes the most promising marine-derived neuroprotective compounds with strong potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. We focus specifically on the retina and brain-two key components of the central nervous system-as primary targets for therapeutic interventions against neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease and retinal degeneration diseases are used here as a representative model of neurodegenerative disorders, where complex molecular processes such as protein misfolding, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation drive disease progression. We also examine gene therapy approaches inspired by marine biology, with particular attention to their application in retinal diseases, aimed at preserving or restoring photoreceptor function and vision.