Abstract
Mutations and inactivation of the TP53 gene are frequently observed in various types of malignancies. Precise knowledge of the genetic structure and detection of mutation hotspots are crucial, as these indicate a high probability of developing cancer. The aim of our study was to perform the bioinformatic detection of mutation hotspots in the TP53 gene in patients diagnosed with malignant colon neoplasms using self-developed software (version 1). We compared TP53 gene sequences from 50 healthy individuals with those from 50 patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma. Of the 50 samples from cancer patients, the most frequent mutations were observed in exons 5 and 8 (12 mutations per exon) and gene sequences of 12 samples, which differed from those of the 50 samples from healthy individuals. Based on our results, the distribution of mutations in the TP53 gene structure was not even across different exons. By comparing the gene sequences of healthy individuals with those of colon cancer samples, we conclude that structural changes occurring in similar gene regions are not associated with increases in susceptibility to malignancies in every case, namely, that the pathological mechanism is multifactorial.