The Two Faces of NF-κB Signaling in Cancer Development and Therapy

Constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling can promote oncogenesis, providing a rationale for anticancer strategies that inhibit NF-κB signaling. Two recent publications in Genes & Development provide evidence that, in contexts where prosurvival signals derive from other oncogenes, NF-κB activity instead enhances sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy, thereby exerting a tumor-suppressor function.