Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor in adults. One of molecular biomarkers of significant interest for glioma is isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation. IDH1 C.395G>A (R132H) mutation are reported to occur in 55–80% of grade II and III oligodendroglioma and astrocytomas. IDH mutations have an important role in many aspects of glioma, including glioma genesis, patients prognosis, and development of therapeutic strategies. However, information on IDH mutations in gliomas is not yet available in Indonesian population. Seventy-four glioma patients in a reference hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia who underwent surgery were recruited. Glioma tissues in the form of paraffin tissue blocks or fresh samples were sliced for hematoxylin eosin staining and immunohistochemical examination. Genomic DNA was extracted from the samples and IDH1 mutation status was analyzed by PCR and nucleotide sequencing. IDH1 C.395G>A (R132H) mutations were detected in 16 (21.6%) of the samples. This mutation rate is lower than the rate previously reported in Asian population. This study also found that 17.5% of astrocytic type of gliomas harboring this mutation compared to 45.45 % in other tumor types. This difference is statistically significant (p=0.037). In conclusion, IDH 1 mutation is found less frequently in Indonesian glioma, and is associated with the histological subtypes.