Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are key factors affecting rice yield. To study the effects of single application of nitrogen, phosphorus and their combined application on dry matter accumulation and yield of rice, two types of indica rice with contenting amylose contents, low amylose content (LAC) and high amylose content (HAC) were used as the test materials. Four different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus were applied (N0: 0, N1: 90, N2: 150, N3: 270 kg/hm(2)) and (P0: 0, P1: 15, P2: 30, P3: 60 kg/hm(2)). The application of N fertilizer alone and in combination with P effectively promote dry matter accumulation, translocation and increase yield. Under the N3P0 and N3P1 treatments, LAC and HAC achieved their highest yield of 10.03 t/hm(2) and 11.24 t/hm(2), respectively. representing increased of 46.19% and 29.05% compared to N0P0 treatment. Phosphorus application influenced dry matter accumulation at maturity and stem and leaf dry matter translocation to the panicle, translocation rates, and their contribution to the panicle, there by increasing yield. Effective panicles, spikelets per panicle, grain filling, stem and leaf dry matter translocation, stem and leaf dry matter translocation rate were significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with yield, and 1000-grain weight was highly significantly negatively correlated with yield, which were mainly increased by increasing panicle dry matter accumulation at maturity, the increase in the amount of increase in dry matter of panicle, the contribution rate of stem and leaf dry matter translocation to the panicle, the amount of stem and leaf dry matter translocation, and the rate of stem and leaf dry matter translocation to increase spikelets per panicle and the grain filling, and then to improvement of yield.