Abstract
Over the years, electrochemical reactors have evolved significantly, with modern reactors now able to achieve a high current density and power output in compact sizes. This leap in performance has not only greatly accelerated the rate of electrochemical reactions but also had a broader impact on the environment. Traditional research perspectives, focused primarily on the internal working systems of reactors, possibly overlook the potential of electrochemical systems in regulating their surrounding environment. A novel research perspective considering the interaction between electrochemical processes and their environmental context as a unified subject of study has gradually emerged alongside the dramatic development of electrochemical techniques. This viewpoint introduces a paradigm shift: electrochemical reactors are not isolated entities but rather are integral parts that interact with their surroundings. Correspondingly, this calls for an innovative research methodology that goes beyond studying the electrochemical processes in isolation. Rather, it integrates the design of the electrochemical system with its specific application environment, ensuring seamless integration for optimal performance under various practical conditions. Therefore, performance metrics should include not only the basic parameters of the electrochemical reactions but also the adaptability of the electrochemical system in real-world scenarios beyond the laboratory. By focusing on environmental integration and application-driven design, the applications of electrochemical technology can be more effectively leveraged. This perspective is exemplified by an electrochemical system based on coupled cathodic oxygen reduction and anodic oxygen evolution reactions. By adopting this new research paradigm, the applications of this electrochemical system can be extended to fields like medical treatment, food science, and microbial fermentation, with an emphasis on tailored designs for these specific application fields. This comprehensive and systematic new research approach aims to fully explore the potential applications of electrochemical technology and foster interdisciplinary collaboration in the electrochemical field.