Abstract
Pollen has high physiological value because it contains protein, essential amino acids, and 16 vitamins. However, pollen is difficult to absorb because of its hard form. This study explores the use of the acid-treated acorn pollen (acorn pollen deposited in apple vinegar for 30 days). The health functions of acid-treated acorn pollen on post-menopausal metabolism was tested by analyzing in vitro and in vivo biomarkers for glucose metabolism, by using the acid-treated acorn pollen and its residues, respectively. In vitro experiments showed high activity after measuring the low potency of glucose-related enzymes. In vivo experiments showed reduced blood glucose and insulin levels after consuming pollen. Pollen also increased the concentration of glucokinase, a glucose-regulating enzyme in hepatic and nephritic tissue, and lowered the concentration of glucose-6-phosphatase. These results are encouraging in showing that acid pollen can be used as a functional health food for treatment of post-menopausal metabolism.