Abstract
A nickel sulfide-incorporated sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (NiS/S-g-C(3)N(4)) nanohybrid was utilized as an interface material for the non-enzymatic sensing of glucose in an alkaline medium (0.1 M NaOH). The precursors used in the preparation of NiS/S-g-C(3)N(4) hybrid were thiourea and nickel nitrate hexahydrate as the sulfur and nickel sources, respectively. The HRTEM results reveal that NiS nanoparticles incorporated on the S-g-C(3)N(4) nanosheet surface could enhance the electrocatalytic activity and electrical conductivity. The prepared NiS/S-g-C(3)N(4) crystalline nature, surface functionalities, graphitic nature, thermal stability and surface composition were investigated using XRD, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, TGA and XPS analyses. The NiS/S-g-C(3)N(4) modified electrode was used for the non-enzymatic sensing of glucose at an applied potential of 0.55 V vs. Ag/AgCl with a detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N = 3), sensitivity of 80 μA mM(-1) cm(-2) and the response time of the fabricated sensor was close to 5 s. Different inorganic ions and organic substances did not interfere during glucose sensing. The NiS/S-g-C(3)N(4) nanohybrid material could be extended for a real sample analysis and open the way for diverse opportunities in the electrochemical sensing of glucose.