Potential of ECW/ICW and ECW/TBW as Early and Sensitive Indicators of Chronic Heart Failure Status and Medication Adherence in a Patient With Dementia: A Case Report

In an elderly patient with chronic heart failure (CHF) and dementia, the extracellular fluid volume (ECW)/intracellular fluid volume (ICW) and ECW/total body water (TBW) ratios measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may serve as early and sensitive indicators of CHF status and effective markers for assessing medication adherence.