Abstract
Venous air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) following air pyelogram or saline irrigation has been occasionally reported. We present a case of suspected venous air embolism during air pyelogram in a patient undergoing PCNL. The clinical diagnosis of air embolism was made by fall in end tidal carbon dioxide, blood pressure and Oxygen saturation and was conservatively managed. Early diagnosis with rapid resuscitation is the key to management of a patient with air embolism.