Abstract
BACKGROUND: Implant design, prosthesis features, and pre-existing periodontitis all have a big impact on peri-implant state. To increase implant lifetime and guarantee ideal peri-implant health, it is essential to comprehend these elements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and fifty dental implant patients participated in cross-sectional research. The participants were divided into three groups according to their history of periodontal disease: healthy, treated, and untreated. The prosthesis type (cement-retained or screw-retained) and implant attributes (length, diameter, and surface type) were evaluated. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were among the clinical and radiographic markers that were assessed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the data, and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Forty percent of the 150 implants that were examined had peri-implant mucositis, and fifteen percent had peri-implantitis. PD (4.5 mm ± 0.6 mm), BOP (85%), and MBL (1.8 mm ± 0.3 mm) were considerably greater in patients with untreated periodontitis who had implants than in those who were periodontally healthy (PD: 3.2 mm ± 0.4 mm; BOP: 40%; MBL: 0.7 mm ± 0.2 mm). Compared to cement-retained prostheses (45%), screw-retained prostheses showed less problems (30%). When compared to smooth-surfaced implants, rough-surfaced implants showed superior bone integration and a considerably reduced MBL (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Peri-implant state is significantly influenced by prosthesis design, implant surface properties, and a history of periodontitis. Peri-implant disease is more likely to occur in patients with untreated periodontitis. Long-term implant success depends on choosing the best implant-prosthesis combinations and putting into practice suitable pre-operative periodontal care.