Abstract
To address the issue of insufficient reliability of fiber optic sensing networks in complex environments, this study proposes a self-diagnosis and self-healing method based on intelligent algorithms. This method integrates redundant fiber paths and a fault detection mechanism, enabling rapid data transmission recovery through redundant paths during network faults, ensuring the stable operation of the monitoring system. Unlike traditional self-diagnosis techniques that rely on an optical time domain reflectometer, the proposed self-diagnosis algorithm utilizes data structure analysis, significantly reducing dependence on costly equipment and improving self-diagnosis efficiency. On the hardware front, a light switch driving device that does not require an external power source has been developed, expanding the application scenarios of optical switches and enhancing system adaptability and ease of operation. In the experiments, three fiber optic sensing network topologies-redundant ring structure, redundant dual-ring structure, and redundant mesh structure-are constructed for testing. The results show that the average self-diagnosis time is 0.1257 s, and the self-healing time is 0.5364 s, validating the efficiency and practicality of the proposed method. Furthermore, this study also proposes a robustness evaluation model based on sensor perception ability and coverage uniformity indicators, providing a theoretical basis for the self-healing capability of fiber optic sensing networks. This model aids in network topology optimization and fault recovery strategy design, contributing to the improvement of the stability and reliability of fiber optic sensing networks in practical applications.