Abstract
Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) address the energy scarcity problem in wireless sensor networks by introducing mobile chargers (MCs) to recharge energy-hungry sensor nodes. Scheduling MCs to charge the recharge nodes is the primary focus of the energy replenishment scheme in WRSNs. The performance of the energy replenishment scheme is significantly influenced by the energy level of each node, which is depends on the data collection scheme employed by the network. Consequently, integrating energy replenishment and data collection has become a new concern in WRSN research. However, the MCs' workload and travel time increase when data collection and energy replenishment are performed simultaneously, leading to an increase in both the node's charging delay and data collection delay. In this work, our goal is to reduce the delays in data collection and node charging by proposing a new joint energy replenishment and data collection approach. In the proposed approach, certain nodes in the network are selected as data storage nodes to temporarily store all the collected data based on their geographical locations. A special class of MCs, called MCDs (mobile charger and data collectors), is then assigned the responsibility of charging these data storage nodes and collecting the data stored. Afterwards, the task of recharging the remaining network nodes falls to another type of MC. By combining the capabilities of two distinct MC types, the workload and the travel distance of MCs are reduced. When compared to the conventional joint algorithms, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach successfully decreases the delay it takes to gather data and recharge nodes.