Abstract
RATIONALE: Orbital mucinous tumors are exceptionally rare, with multifocal systemic involvement posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aims to characterize the radiological and pathological features of such cases, refine differential diagnosis criteria, and evaluate treatment strategies through a comprehensive analysis of a rare bilateral orbital mucinous tumor with synchronous pulmonary and retroperitoneal lesions. Our findings aim to bridge gaps in understanding this rare disease's behavior and management. PATIENT CONCERNS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical history, examinations, surgeries, and pathological findings of a case involving multiple intraorbital cysts combined with multiple systemic organ cysts. DIAGNOSES: We studied the characteristics, progression, and variations of such rare diseases to better understand their diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent general anesthesia for bilateral orbital and eyelid incisions with conjunctival access. Multiple cystic masses of varying sizes were removed, with the masses adherent to the superior orbital nerve. OUTCOMES: Upon incision, yellowish fluid was drained, and pathological examination confirmed the masses as mucinous tumors. LESSONS: Orbital mucinous tumors are extremely rare, and cases combined with multiple systemic involvement are even rarer. Radiological examinations provide clarity on cyst density, while pathological examination further elucidates the nature of the masses. Surgery remains the primary treatment modality, with postoperative follow-up being crucial.