Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous investigations into the correlation between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to angina have produced a range of results. This study aims to clarify the potential significance of TNF-α polymorphism as a contributing factor to the onset of angina. METHODS: A comprehensive review of all corresponding literature was conducted across several major databases, covering their records from inception through to March 2024. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis techniques. RESULTS: Notable associations were identified in various genetic comparisons: allele contrast (A vs. G: OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.70-0.86, P<0.001), homozygote comparison (AA vs. GG: OR=3.35, 95% CI=2.51-4.48, P<0.001), heterozygote comparison (GA vs. GG: OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.19-2.40, P=0.003), recessive genetic model (AA vs. GG/GA: OR=2.40, 95% CI=1.91-3.03, P<0.001), and dominant genetic model (AA/GA vs. GG: OR=1.84, 95% CI=1.27-2.65, P=0.001). Furthermore, ethnicity-based subgroup analyzes revealed that these associations were especially significant within the Asian population and unstable angina, with all genetic models demonstrating statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: TNF-α gene is significantly associated with an increased risk of angina, particularly among the Asian population and unstable angina. This finding underscores the importance of considering genetic factors in the assessment and management of angina risk.