Isolation and characterization of mpox virus from the first mpox case in Shenzhen, China

• We reported the first MPXV strain hMpxV/China/SZ-SZTH42/2023 isolated in southern China. • The isolate SZTH42 belongs to C.1 lineage of clade IIb, representing the currently prevalent IIb branch strain worldwide. • This study provides key resources and technical platforms for the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines.