Abstract
To better understand the fracture propagation characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of a high-rank coal reservoir during hydraulic fracturing, a true triaxial physical simulation device was used to conduct a hydraulic fracturing experiment on large-sized raw coal from Zhijin, Guizhou Province, China. Computed tomography technology was used to scan the three-dimensional morphology of the fracture network before and after fracturing, then AVIZO software was used to reconstruct the internal fractures of the coal sample, and fractal theory was used to quantify the fractures. The results show that (1) the sudden increase of the pump pressure curve and acoustic emission signal is an important identification feature of hydraulic fractures, and the in situ stress difference coefficient plays a leading role in the complexity of coal and rock fractures. (2) When a hydraulic fracture encounters a primary fracture in the process of expansion, the opening of the primary fracture, the penetration, bifurcation, and turning of the hydraulic fracture are the main reasons for the formation of complex fractures, and the existence of a large number of primary fractures is the basis for the formation of complex fractures. (3) The fracture shape of coal hydraulic fracturing can be divided into three categories: complex fracture, plane fracture + cross fracture, and inverted T-shaped fracture. The fracture shape is closely related to the original fracture shape. The research results of this paper provide strong theoretical and technical support for coalbed methane mining design such as Zhijin high-rank coal reservoirs.