Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: A significant cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal era is hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This study examined the histopathological analysis and neuroprotective impact of syringin (SYR) in an experimental HIE rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: On the 7th postnatal day, 24 Wistar albino rats were evaluated in 3 groups using the HIE model under gas anesthesia. In the experiment, Group A received 10 mg/kg SYR plus dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Group B received DMSO only, and Group C served as a sham group. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess apoptotic cell measurement and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β primary antibodies). RESULTS: Rats suffering from hypoxic-ischemic brain damage had their apoptosis assessed. The SYR and sham groups had statistically fewer cells undergoing apoptosis (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of IL-1β and TNF-α during immunohistochemical staining. Neuronal degeneration was significantly lower in the histological evaluation of the hippocampus in the SYR group (p = 0.01). A statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) was observed between the SYR and the control groups regarding pericellular and perivascular edema. CONCLUSION: SYR reduced apoptosis, perivascular and pericellular edema, and neuronal degeneration in rat cerebral tissue. These results raise the possibility that SYR may have a neuroprotective effect on the harm brought on by HIE. This is the first investigation of SYR's function within the HIE paradigm.