Abstract
Postoperative JC viruria is common in kidney transplant recipients, however there remains a dearth of research on perioperative JCV infection in this population. The clinical significance of JCV monitoring in kidney transplant recipients remains unclear. Based on JCV urine monitoring during the perioperative phase, renal transplant recipients who underwent perioperative and postoperative monitoring at our center were categorized into two groups: the perioperative JC virus infection group and the control group consisting of recipients without detectable JCV DNA in plasma or urine during the two-year follow-up period. A comparative analysis of baseline data was initially performed, followed by a 1:1 propensity score matching of 80 cases from each group. Within the first month after transplantation, the JC viruria group exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence of delayed graft function compared to the control group (P = 0.031).Over the two-year postoperative period, the JC viruria group displayed a significantly lower rate of acute rejection (P = 0.027). Notably, the JC viruria group demonstrated higher estimated glomerular filtration rate levels compared to the control group, particularly within the first year post-transplantation. Moreover, recipient and transplant kidney survival rates did not significantly differ between the two groups (P = 0.642). Perioperative JC viruria in kidney transplant recipients may persist beyond the initial two postoperative years. The presence of JCV is associated with lower rates of DGF and acute rejection, indicating a favorable post-transplant recovery. These findings provide novel insights into the importance of postoperative JCV monitoring.