Abstract
Dengue fever is spreading rapidly around the world, affecting nearly half the world's population. Causes include urbanization, human mobility, climate change and the spread of mosquito vectors such as Aedes albopictus. In 2023 and 2024, there was a marked increase in cases and deaths worldwide. In mainland France, the increase in imported cases has generated local transmissions.Dengue fever is asymptomatic in over 50% of cases, but can progress to severe forms with potentially fatal complications in 1-5% of symptomatic cases. There are four serotypes of the virus, and re-infection with another serotype increases the risk of severe disease.Two dengue vaccines are currently available: Dengvaxia(®) and Qdenga(®) (TAK-003). Dengvaxia(®) is reserved for people already infected with dengue fever, but production was discontinued in 2024 due to low demand. Qdenga(®) is recommended for children aged 6-16 years in high transmission areas. The Société francophone de Médecine tropicale et Santé internationale (SFMTSI) proposes extending vaccination to at-risk adults in endemic overseas territories and to travelers. A communication campaign is proposed to inform the public about the benefits of vaccination while anticipating the risks of anti-vaccination misinformation.